特朗普在堪萨斯集会上宣布80亿美元“收成燃料补贴”计划
美国总统唐纳德·特朗普10月19日在堪萨斯州一场集会上宣布80亿美元“收成燃料补贴”计划,这是11月3日中期选举前承诺的150亿多美元农业援助的一部分。

美国总统唐纳德·特朗普10月19日在堪萨斯州帕克城的一场集会上宣布了80亿美元的“收成燃料补贴”计划,此时距离中期选举还有两周。美国农业部表示,该计划将向农民发放一次性补贴,以抵消收割期间的柴油成本。
特朗普说:“今晚我也很高兴地宣布,农业部将启动一项新的收成燃料补贴计划,为本季收割提供80亿美元支持,帮助我们的农民抵消柴油成本。”农业部长布鲁克·罗林斯表示,这笔投资将“帮助农民在本季收割期间获得确定性,让他们能够继续养活我们的国家”。
援助方案
这80亿美元是11月3日中期选举前承诺的150亿美元以上援助和激励措施中最大的一笔单项。据美联社报道,该方案还包括至少50亿美元面向牧场主和渔民的担保贷款、18亿美元保护性付款、57300万美元化肥生产补贴、5700万美元肉类加工补贴以及8660万美元特色作物补助。美国农业部表示将采购至多47250万美元的农产品。
路透社报道称,新的援助可能使今年政府向农民支付的总金额达到554亿美元,超过2020年约450亿美元的历史最高纪录。美国农业部表示,该计划是在向56万多名农民发放120亿美元过渡性补贴以及近期约140亿美元农业风险保障和价格损失保障付款之后推出的。
补贴怎么发
美国农业部表示,这80亿美元将根据2026作物年度的模型化损失按比例提供支持。补贴将依据种植面积、单产、价格和生产成本估算来计算。该计划由农场服务局执行,资金来自《商品信贷公司特许法》。美国农业部表示,补贴只覆盖模型化损失的一部分,并不打算让农民完全弥补损失。
玉米、大豆和小麦等主要大宗作物的补贴标准将于11月公布,特色作物标准稍后跟进。农民可以通过Login.gov预先申请。特色作物种植者已被要求将燃料成本数据发送至[email protected]。
补贴背后的柴油成本
据《底特律新闻》援引AAA的数据,10月21日柴油均价为每加仑6.31美元,高于一年前的3.62美元。9月22日价格曾创下每加仑6.52美元的纪录。
美国农场局联合会预计,玉米的柴油成本每英亩将增加8美元;按每英亩用油3.07加仑计算,一个平均279英亩的玉米农场将多支出2227美元。一份由民主党主导的国会报告发现,由于与伊朗的战争,农民今年的柴油支出预计将额外增加24亿美元。
接下来
美国农业部表示,更多补贴细节将在11月晚些时候公布,发放时间尚未确定。
资料来源
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