美国创新基金会提交法庭意见书草案 支持OpenAI版权诉讼
美国创新基金会提交了一份支持OpenAI的法庭意见书草案,主张法院在合理使用测试中应权衡公共利益,包括国家安全。

FAI为OpenAI提交意见书草案
美国创新基金会表示,已在In re OpenAI Copyright Infringement Litigation一案中提交支持OpenAI的法庭意见书草案。该机构总法律顾问兼高级研究员Tim Hwang在研究员Sam Roland协助下提交了这份文件。这份意见书请求法院依据Google LLC v. Oracle America案,考量复制行为带来的公共利益,而不只看许可收入的损失。
文件指出,政府把商业前沿模型用于情报分析、网络防御、作战规划和决策支持。文件认为,如果要求对受质疑的训练行为逐项取得许可,就可能实质限制对有用训练数据的获取,从而损害这些利益。文件称,移除有用来源会削弱下游系统所用的能力,而“这些系统可能包括政府采购和改造的国家安全系统”。
意见书把复制一篇报纸文章与训练带来的国家安全能力联系起来。文件写道:“在预训练阶段,模型会从广泛的信息语料中识别共同模式。”学习这些模式有助于形成语言、综合、翻译、编程和推理能力。文件主张,依据Oracle案,这些公共利益应与市场损害一并纳入合理使用的第四项因素。
案件背景
《纽约时报》于2023年12月起诉OpenAI和微软。该案并入由纽约南区联邦地区法院法官Sidney Stein审理的In re OpenAI Copyright Infringement Litigation,共合并16起版权诉讼。9月初,《纽约时报》与几家AI公司分别提出简易判决的交叉动议,要求Stein在开庭前作出裁决。
微软在动议中写道,版权法的目的是增加社会的共同知识财富,而不是固化既有的商业模式。OpenAI则写道,没有人拥有事实,正如没有人拥有语言、语法或风格。
司法部于2026年9月1日提交了一份利益声明。声明称,用受版权保护的材料进行训练本身并不构成侵权;如果规则让在美国发展AI产业变得明显更难,就会威胁国家安全,并给外国对手带来竞争优势。该文件对Stein没有约束力。《纽约时报》发言人Graham James表示,政府站在少数“市值万亿美元的AI公司”一边,牺牲了美国创作者的利益。
这份意见书对案件意味着什么
FAI的意见书同样援引国家安全,与司法部的利益声明一致。但它属于拟提交的法庭之友文件,而非当事人陈述。Stein在就简易判决动议作出裁决时,会将其与双方的证据和论点一并考量。司法部的利益声明不具约束力,法院可自行决定给予其多大权重。
资料来源
39- 01Amicus Brief in In re OpenAI Copyright Infringement Litigation - The Foundation for American InnovationEN
- 02Hollywood backs New York Times in AI copyright battle against OpenAI, MicrosoftEN
- 03DOJ Backs OpenAI Fair Use Claim in AI Copyright Fight; Creators Must Try CongressEN
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- 06OpenAI Loses Privacy Gambit: 20 Million ChatGPT Logs Likely Headed to Copyright PlaintiffsEN
- 07OpenAI Risks Billions as Court Weighs Privilege in Copyright RowEN
- 08The Bartz v. Anthropic Settlement: Understanding America's Largest Copyright SettlementEN
- 09The AI Copyright Lawsuits Have Finally Produced an Actual PayoutEN
- 10Publishers accuse OpenAI and Microsoft of "unprecedented" copyright infringementEN
- 11ChatGPT violated copyright law by ‘learning’ from song lyrics, German court rules - The GuardianEN
- 12Jodi Picoult, other top authors sue OpenAI over copyrightsEN
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- 24OpenAI's new GPT-6 Cyber AI finds 81 Firefox flaws, 948 Linux bugsEN
- 25OpenAI Launches GPT-6 Cyber After AI Helps Find 81 Firefox Flaws, 948 Linux ExploitsEN
- 26Partnering with Hacktron to find vulnerabilities in OpenAI’s systemsEN
- 27Edera's Object Capability Bounded Authority Promises to Isolate Credentials From AI Agent WorkloadsEN
- 28Trust Responsive Runtime Authorization for Agentic AI with Empirical Characterization of Policy Behavior and Parameter SensitivityEN
- 29Fake OpenAI, SpaceX events used to steal Microsoft, Google accountsEN
- 30OpenAI’s GPT-6 Astra silently obstructed safety research tasksEN
- 31OpenAI AI Pipeline Generates 948 Linux Root Escalation Exploits in 30-Hour RunEN
- 32Researchers Uncover Prompt Adware Hidden in OpenAI Codex Jailbreak ToolkitEN
- 33OpenAI to acquire Pierre Computer Company, Inc.EN
- 34Ex-Lawmakers Side With OpenAI In Battle With News PublishersEN
- 35Wikipedia’s operator says a bad AI copyright ruling could threaten the open webEN
- 36With Copyright Complaints, Even Imposters Can Silence Karakalpak ActivistsEN
- 37Barracuda Flaws Could Be Chained to Bypass Authorization and Gain Root AccessEN
- 38How Cisco defends at machine speed with OpenAIEN
- 39OpenAI appoints Jill Hazelbaker as Chief Corporate Affairs OfficerEN
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