Noak融资500万欧元推进叠层量产,钙钛矿研究转向稳定性
由imec和UHasselt孵化的公司Noak完成500万欧元(560万美元)种子轮融资,用于将钙钛矿硅叠层太阳能电池产业化,pv magazine于11月2日报道。这轮融资规模不大,它要解决的技术问题却不小。

Noak的500万欧元种子轮指向叠层量产
资金来自比利时的Helios基金会、总部位于林堡的气候投资者Nuhma,以及弗拉芒能源控股旗下的V2HFin。这轮融资建立在双方十余年研究积累的叠层知识产权之上。合作方表示,这些知识产权背后是十多年的研究工作。
对采购方和制造商来说,叠层电池意味着每块组件能发出更多电,同时少用昂贵的金属。Noak没有公布组件价格、产能或质保条款。
合作方称,该技术已在三大洲的十多个测试站点进行了五年户外运行。下一阶段将集中在规模化条件下验证长期稳定性和性能。他们称这对可融资性至关重要。电池设计增加了一层三维编织背接触箔,把电气连接移到背面,从而取消了正面金属化,减少了遮挡损失。首席执行官Geert Palmers表示,公司希望通过全球产业合作来设计整条价值链,而不应依赖脆弱的关键主导依赖。
稳定性是商业化的门槛
韩国能源技术研究院(KIER)的工艺使用氧化镍粉末。这种粉末会把锂离子从空穴传输层溶液中吸附出来,然后过滤掉。
冠军电池的功率转换效率达到25.24%,开路电压为1.175 V,短路电流密度为25.83 mA/cm2,填充因子为83.21%。在一个太阳光照下的稳定输出为25.1%。连续运行500小时后,电池保持了初始效率的90%以上。在85 C、85%相对湿度的加速湿热测试中,它们保持了95%。去除锂之后,空穴传输层的电导率提高了2.5倍。
盐类和两性离子瞄准缺陷
在阿贡国家实验室,研究人员用盐类添加剂来控制钙钛矿晶体的形成方式。起作用的是两种盐:溴化锌和氯化甲铵。它们降低了钙钛矿材料的熔点,薄膜的部分区域会短暂液化,原子因此有时间各就各位。
这项研究发表在《Science》上。它实现了26.5%的太阳能电池效率和26.1%的LED外量子效率。阿贡X射线科学部的光束线科学家Yanqi Luo说:“近十年来,缺陷一直是钙钛矿的瓶颈。”郑州大学的一篇综述认为,两性离子可以在一个分子中同时实现缺陷钝化、结晶调控和界面能级调节。该综述提到,L-天冬酰胺把锡钙钛矿效率从10.54%提升到13.31%,甲脒亚磺酸在宽带隙器件中达到22.06%。锡基电池仍远远落后。一个模型引导的CsSnI3器件达到10.76%,而未经优化的对照器件为8.98%。
资料来源
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- 18As Diesel Costs Surge for Farmers & Rural Businesses, Solar Offers a LifelineEN
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- 20Quantum Interconnects Link Two 120-Qubit Processors (IBM Research)EN
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