韩国专家:单靠HPV疫苗不足以预防宫颈癌
高丽大学九老医院李在宽11月4日在《健康朝鲜》撰文指出,仅靠接种HPV疫苗不足以预防宫颈癌,韩国筛查率仍然偏低。

高丽大学九老医院妇产科的李在宽表示:“宫颈癌可以预防,但只靠疫苗不够。预防能否成功,取决于定期筛查和早期发现、后续评估以及持续治疗。”《健康朝鲜》11月4日刊发了他的说法。
这一提醒出现之际,韩国的筛查数据显示国家项目与实际参与之间存在差距。建阳大学的一个团队随访了4663名女性,最长随访12年,发现韩国女性的定期宫颈癌筛查率为18.9%,该研究于2024年发表在《妇科肿瘤学杂志》。韩国国家癌症中心的一份报告显示,2024年总体筛查率为62%,但20多岁女性中仅为40.8%。
国家两年一次筛查安排
韩国国家癌症筛查项目为20岁及以上女性每两年提供一次宫颈细胞学检查。《健康朝鲜》报道称,宫颈癌往往悄无声息地发展:持续的高危型HPV感染可能引起癌前病变,疾病发展到癌症可能需要15至20年。这段时间里,需要警惕的症状很少出现,这也是该病常被晚期发现的原因之一。
文章称,定期筛查是在癌前阶段发现宫颈癌的最好办法。细胞学检查查看细胞异常。HPV DNA检测直接检出可能引发宫颈癌的高危型HPV。HPV结果呈阳性并不意味着患癌;后续筛查流程会判断谁属于高风险人群,以及是否需要进一步检查或复检。
障碍与随访
接种率低不只是重视程度的问题。一项分析韩国女性2022年按人生阶段划分的性与生殖健康调查的研究发现,没有时间和妇科检查的不适是女性不接受妇科诊疗的主要原因。《韩国护理学会杂志》上的另一项研究发现,由于病毒通过性接触传播,女性可能感到污名和羞耻。
《健康朝鲜》报道称,专家强调即使没有症状也要定期筛查,因为宫颈癌可以在进展之前被发现并加以管理。他们还表示,筛查不应止于检查是否感染:持续感染高风险的患者需要与后续治疗衔接。
今年2月发表在《内科学年鉴》上的另一项建模估计,30岁前接种HPV疫苗的女性一生可能只需要两到三次宫颈筛查。作者来自挪威奥斯陆大学和哈佛大学陈曾熙公共卫生学院,使用的是挪威政府的卫生数据。他们表示,在临床医生开始减少筛查之前还需要更多研究。
资料来源
32- 01Cervical Cancer Prevention Requires More Than HPV Vaccination, Screening Every Two Years Is EssentialEN
- 02HPV-vaccinated women may require fewer cervical cancer screeningsEN
- 03Two New Studies Show More Women Complete Cervical Cancer Screening When Self-Collection Is OfferedEN
- 04Annual Cervical Cancer Testing Has Declined Nearly 40% Since 2008EN
- 05HPV jabs cut risk of dying from cervical cancer before 30 to almost zeroEN
- 06Young women now have 'close to zero' risk of cervical cancer death after HPV jab - BBCEN
- 07‘Does the HPV vaccine even work?’ Landmark study shows ‘dramatic’ drop in cervical cancer death riskEN
- 08HPV vaccine can prevent most cervical cancer cases: What every parent and young woman should know before decidingEN
- 09Low-cost Indigenous HPV test may improve cervical cancer screening access in IndiaEN
- 1046,225 Breast Cancer Screenings in Kuwait Detect 418 Early Cases - Times KuwaitEN
- 11‘You Can See Everything’ is getting an outer space release and it hasn’t even come out in Europe yetEN
- 12 PHP vulnerability post-mortem reveals bug was known two years ago — Small team of maintainers knew of the issue before it was made public, as new PHP2Shell chaEN
- 13Scientists trick cancer cells into making the drugs that kill themEN
- 14Distinct cellular and genetic differences in colorectal cancer in young patientsEN
- 15Reasoning-Trace Overflow in Code Generation: An Empirical Study of Explicit Reasoning ModelsEN
- 16A Comparative Study of Importance Attribution to Columns in Deep Learning over Relational DatabasesEN
- 17Nathan Fielder’s ‘You Can See Everything’ Is Headed to Space, A24 SaysEN
- 18Rapid LLM development is outrunning the research meant to explain it, study findsEN
- 19Scientists discover that some “unhealthy” diets can boost cancer immunotherapy in miceEN
- 20A simple blood test could reveal Alzheimer’s risk 10 years before symptomsEN
- 21Boehringer Ingelheim strikes $7B backloaded ADC, TCE cancer deal with China's SinoEN
- 22Novo won't launch CagriSema in Europe for 'a couple of years,' CFO saysEN
- 23Li Auto's Mega faces Samsung OLED screen shortage as deliveries reboundEN
- 24“Everything Trump Touches Dies” — A Warning For AmericaEN
- 25I imported a $2,000 electric truck from China. Five years later, here’s the truthEN
- 26Scientists use sound waves to deliver a new attack on deadly brain cancerEN
- 27Electric Vehicle Council Celebrating 10 Years of EV Progress in AustraliaEN
- 28A proof-of-concept test can spot bladder cancer in urineEN
- 29Roku is taking away a fan-favorite screensaver – but you have alternativesEN
- 30From Ankara To Ankara: 34 Years of Turkic CooperationEN
- 31Thin, Light and Built for Everything: NVIDIA RTX Spark Windows Laptops Gain New Models, Agent Tools and GamesEN
- 32Studying Fraudulent North Korean IT WorkersEN
本文所有数字与引语均来自下列来源,未添加来源之外的内容。
本内容由编辑部在人工智能辅助下制作完成。
评论
0- 还没有评论——来说两句吧。